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英文標點符號的使用

欄目: 論文格式 / 釋出於: / 人氣:2.13W

英文標點符號的使用

英文標點符號的使用

句點(full stop / period,“.”)

問號(question mark,“?”)

感嘆號(exclamation mark,“!”)

逗點(comma,“,”)

冒號(colon,“:”)

分號(semicolon,“;”)

連字元(hyphen,“-”)

連線號(en dash,“–”)

破折號(em dash,“—”)

括號(parentheses,小括號“( )”;中括號“[]”;大括號“{}”)

引號(quotation marks,雙引號“"”;單引號“‘”)

縮寫及所有格符號(apostrophe,“‘”)

一、.句點

1.句點用於當一句話完全結束時。

2.句點也可以用於英文單詞的縮寫,如 mrs., dr., p.s. 等。但要注意的是當縮寫的字母

形成了一個單詞的時候就不要使用句點。如 ibm, dna 等。

二、?問號

問號要用在一個直接的問句,而不是間接的。

如 how will you solve the problem? 是正確的用法,但用在 i wonder how you will

solve the problem?就不對了,應該使用句點而不是問號。

另外,在客氣的用語中,也是用句點而不是問號.

如 will you please give me a call tomorrow.

三、! 感嘆號

感嘆號用於感嘆和驚歎的陳述中,在商業寫作中要注意感嘆號的應用,因為不恰當的使用

會顯得突兀及不穩重。

四、;分號

1.與中文一樣,分號用於分隔地位平等的獨立子句。在某些情況下,使用分號比使用句點

更顯出子句之間的緊密聯絡,另外分號也經常與連線副詞 thus, however, therefore一起

使用(放在這些詞語之前)。如 i realize i need exercise; however, i’ll lie down

first to think about it.

2.在句子中如果已經使用過逗點,為了避免歧義的產生,就用分號來分隔相似的內容。如

the employees were tom hanks, the manager; jim white, the engineer; and dr.

jack lee.

需要注意的是:一個完整的句子以大寫字母開始,以句點結束。寫英文時用逗點代替句點

、分號、冒號或破折號叫“逗號錯”,這正是中國學生所要避免的。請比較下列例句:

誤:it was raining hard, they could not work in the fields.

(注意:上面句子中劃橫線的部分是兩個不同的主語,而且逗點前後的句子是完整的-----

單獨拿出來都能代表一個完整的意思。因此,用逗號違反了英文規定,即一個句子只能有

一套主幹。)

正:it was raining hard; they could not work in the fields.

it was raining hard. they could not work in the fields.

it was raining so hard that they could not work in the fields.

they could not work in the fields because it was raining hard.

it was raining hard, so they could not work in the fields.

as it was raining hard, they could not work in the fields.

誤:the essay is poorly organized, there is no central idea.

正:the essay is poorly organized; there is no central idea.

the essay is poorly organized: there is no central idea.

五、:冒號

1.冒號用於對後面內容的介紹或解釋,如 this is her plan: go shopping.

2.冒號用於名單之前,特別是一個豎排的名單。

we transferred three employees to new branches:

? tony wang to new york city

? mike jackson to tokyo

? mark foster to paris

當名單橫排的時候,冒號要用在一個完整的句子之後,如 we need seven people:

three students, three engineers, and a professor.

3.冒號用於一個正式的引用之前。如 the professor said: “it was horrible.”

4.冒號也可用於商業或正式信函稱謂後面,如 dear mr. lee:(美國英語中,信件或演說

詞的稱呼語之後用冒號,而在英國英語中多用逗號。)

5.冒號用於數字時間的表示,如16:45 或 4:45 p.m.

6.冒號用於主標題和副標題之間,如 web directory: world and non-u.s. economic

data

六、,逗點

1.逗點用於分隔一系列的簡單內容,如 i will go to shanghai, beijing, and

shenzhen.

2.逗點用於修飾名詞的多個形容詞之間,如 a small, fancy bike

3.逗點用於連線兩個較長的獨立子句,而且每個句子的主語不同,如 the grizzlies

were out of timeouts, and miller missed a desperation 3-pointer as time

expired.

4.逗點用於關聯的子句之間,如 since he’s your younger brother, please take

care of him.

5.逗點用於一個較長的修飾短語之後,如 in the middle of the coldest winter on

record, the pipes froze.

6.逗

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