英語中助動詞should, would的用法
助動詞:輔助其他動詞構成時態、語態、疑問句式、否定名式的動詞。助動詞有些詞義,有些沒有詞義,或者暗含一點詞義。放在謂語首位置助動詞會受主語人稱、數的限制,其他位置不會受限制。
should, would用來表示過去將來時態,should用於第一人稱,would用於第二、三人稱(在美國也可用於第一人稱):
I said I should turn in the exercise book the next day.
我說我將在第二天交作業本。
He asked whether they would come back that evening.
他問他們是否當天晚上回來。
should和would常用於虛擬語氣中:
If it should rain tomorrow, I would stay at home.
如果明天下雨,我會待在家裡。
If he should come back, we would welcome him.
要是他回來,我們會歡迎他。
Put on your raincoat in case it should rain.
穿上雨衣,以防下雨。
should表示驚訝和“應該”:
It surprised us that he should have failed in the test.
他竟然測試沒過關,我們感到很驚訝。
Why should he have made such a big mistake?
他怎麼會犯這麼大的錯誤呢?
You should have informed me two days in advance.
你們應該提前兩天通知我。
We should learn from and help each other.
我們應該互相學習,互相幫助。
would常用於委婉、客氣地提建議、請求:
Would you help me serve tea?
你幫我上荼好嗎?
What would you like to eat?
你想吃點什麼呢?
I’d like some vanilla ice-cream.
我想要些香草冰淇淋。
would同will一樣常用於表示習慣或者傾向:
When she was free, she would go shopping.
她有空時就會逛商店。
When asked a very simple question, he would laugh it off.
當有人問他一個很簡單的問題時,他會一笑了之。
本文作者:丹丹英語(公眾號:英語語法學習)
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