英語中情態動詞must, need, ought to, had better的用法
情態動詞(Modal verbs)本身有一定的詞義,表示語氣的單詞。但不能獨立作謂語,只能和動詞原形一起構成謂語。情態動詞用在行為動詞前,表示說話人對這一動作或狀態的看法或主觀設想。情態動詞雖然數量不多,但用途廣泛,主要有下列: can (could), may (might), must, need,ought to, dare (dared), shall (should), will (would) must not。
的用法
must表示“必須”:
You must tell us the truth.
你必須給我們講真話。
must表示推測,即“肯定、準是”,限用於肯定句:
This bag must be your sister’s.
這袋子肯定是你妹妹的
They must have done it many times.
他們肯定做過許多次了。
must表示“偏偏”
We must meet with a traffic jam when we needed to hurry up.
當我們需要趕時間的時候,偏偏遇上堵車。
Just as every family turns on their lights, the power must be cut off.
正當家人開燈時,偏偏斷電了。
的用法
need表示“需要”,主要用於疑問句和否定句。
Need I tell you the secret?
需要我告訴你這個祕密?
She needn’t pretend to be rich.
她不需要裝闊。
You needn’t advance the date.
你們不需要把日期提前。
注意:
need也常用作實義動詞。例如:
Does he need to tell lies?
他需要撒謊嗎?
t to的用法
ought to表示“應該”,語氣比should稍重一些:
You are a grown-up now, you ought to know how to take care of yourself.
你已是大人了,應該知道如何照料自己了。
They ought not to cheat kids.
他們不應該欺騙小孩子。
ought to表示很可能的事:
They ought to be finished now.
他們應該完成了。
She ought to pass the test this time.
她這次應該能通過測試了。
better的用法
had better表示“最好”,它作為情態動詞沒有人稱或者數的變化,否定式是在better後面加not,不是在had後面加not。往往縮寫成’d better,表示建議、勸告。
You had better give up smoking.
你是好戒菸。
She’d better not be proud.
她最好別驕傲。
本文作者:丹丹英語(公眾號:英語語法學習)
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