福州至今還保存相當一部分自唐宋以來就已經形成的坊巷，成為歷史文化名城的重要標誌之一。
“三坊七巷”的“三坊”，係指衣錦坊、文儒坊和光祿坊。三坊均位於南后街之西側，隔街與東側之“七巷”相通、
衣錦坊，舊名通潮巷。宋代宣和年間（1119—1125年）陸藴、陸藻兄弟居於此地，兩兄弟才華橫送，名重一時。陸藴官任福州知州，陸藻官任泉州知州，兩人回鄉時命此坊為“棣錦坊”。南宋淳熙年間，王樣任江東提刑，退休後也居於此地，將棣錦改名為衣錦，以示衣錦返鄉之意。
文儒坊，舊名山陰巷，初名儒林坊，以宋代祭酒鄭穆居於此，改為文儒坊。因為坊裏除了鄭穆之外，還先後住有九門提督、寶島總兵甘國寶，抗倭名將、七省經略張經，清光緒皇帝老師陳寶琛之父陳承裘，《福建通志》主編陳衍等儒林名士，故稱儒林坊名符其實。
光祿坊，北宋熙寧元年（1068年）以光祿大夫身份任福州知州的程師孟，常到坊裏的法禪寺遊覽，見池畔有一塊大巖石，便登石吟詩，故被稱為“光祿吟台”，而此坊也改名為光祿坊。程師孟題吟的“光祿吟台”四個篆字石刻今尚存。
“三坊七巷”中的七巷均位於南后街之東側，由北向南分別為楊橋巷、郎官巷、塔巷、黃巷、安民巷、宮巷、吉庇巷。
習慣上講，我們都先説三坊後講七巷，其實，從建築位置來分析應該是先有七巷後有三坊。唐代的先民們先是沿着城市的軸線——南街，建起了一組排列工整的"新村"。然後，再隔一條南后街，向西發展，建起一組坊巷，成為以南后街為中心軸線的"非"字形結構的街區。經過千百年的風雨變遷，大多於宋代定下坊巷之名，於明清時代形成今天建築格局，成為福州歷史文化名城的標誌性建築。
從建築空間的處理來看，三坊七巷在中軸線上的主廳堂，比北方的廳堂明顯高、大、寬，與其他廊、榭等建築形成高低錯落，活潑而又極富變化的空間格局。廳堂一般是開敞式的，與天井融為一體。特別要指出的是，為了使廳堂顯得高大、寬敞、開放，一般在廊軒的處理上着力，承檐的檁木，或再加一根協助承檐的檁木，都特意採用粗大的而長的優質硬木材，並用減柱造的辦法，使的廳堂前無任何障礙，這在北方建築及其他南方建築中，都極少見到。例如宮巷林聰彝故居之轎廳以及祠廟的戲台，均是如此處理。這是福州古建築的重要特色之一。
三坊七巷除了在佈局結構上與眾不同之外，在圍牆、雕飾、門面上都很有特色。
福州是一座擁有2200多年曆史的名城。唐開元十三年（725年）設福州都督府始稱福州。五代樑開平二年（908年）閩王王審知擴建城池，將風景秀麗的烏山、于山、屏山圈入城內，從此福州成為“山在城中，城在山中”的獨特城市。“三山”成了福州的別名。
福州位於福建省東部閩江下游，是全省政治、經濟、文化中心。全市總面積11968平方公里，其中市區總面積1043平方公里；總人口48O多萬，其中城區人口116萬。“因州北有福山”，故名福州，又因900多年前就遍植榕樹，“綠陰滿城，暑不張蓋”，故又有“榕城”的美稱。現轄鼓樓、台江、倉山、馬尾、晉安五個區和福清、閩侯、羅源、連江、長樂、平潭、閩清、永泰等二市六縣。居民以漢族為主，還有畲、滿、苗、回等20多個少數民族。福州依山傍海，氣候宜人，綠樹常青，屬暖濕的亞熱帶季風氣候。年平均氣温為19.6℃，最冷1月平均氣温為10.5℃，最熱7月平均氣温為28.6℃，年均降水量1342.5毫米。最佳旅遊季節為每年4～11月。市區內有聞名全國的温泉。
各位團友，今天我講解的內容是福州明清時期古建築瑰寶——三坊七巷。
三坊七巷地處市中心，東臨八一七北路，西靠通湖路，北接楊橋路，南達吉庇巷、光祿坊，佔地約40公頃，現居民3678户，人口14000餘人。三坊七巷是南后街兩旁從北到南依次排列的十條坊巷的簡稱。三坊是：衣錦坊、文儒坊、光祿坊；七巷是楊橋巷、郎官巷、塔巷、黃巷、安民巷、宮巷、吉庇巷。由於吉庇巷、楊橋巷和光祿坊改建為馬路，現在保存的實際只有二坊五巷。即使如此，在這個歷史悠久的居民區內，仍然保留着豐富的文物古蹟，保存一批名人故居和明清時代的建築。在這居民區內，坊巷縱橫，石板鋪地；白牆青瓦，結構嚴謹；房屋精緻，匠藝奇巧，集中體現了閩越古城的民居特色，是閩江文化的薈萃之所，被建築界喻為一座規模龐大的明清古建築博物館。
“三坊七巷”是國家歷史文化名城——福州的主要標誌，被譽為明清古建築博物館。近代詩人陳衍詩云：“誰知五柳孤鬆客，卻住三坊七巷間。”這大約就是“三坊七巷”的由來。
三坊七巷的民風民俗也是福州民風民俗的代表，許多節俗活動常以三坊七巷為中心，它包括民間信仰、歲時節慶活動、建築物中的民俗等。
“月光光，照池塘；騎竹馬，過洪塘；洪塘水深難得渡，等妹撐船來接郎。問郎長，問郎短，問郎幾時返？”這是唐朝觀察使常袞作的一首民謠。它曾給居住在三坊七巷的幾代百姓帶來多少童年的回憶。直到現在，特別是老一輩人聽到這首琅琅上口的民謠仍激動不已。
三坊七巷，以它近300座的明清民居古建築物聞名於世。古老的街巷，完整的坊裏，配以古河道、古橋樑、古榕樹，形成了古樸而富有特色的傳統風貌，引起了國內外許多文物考古專家的廣泛興趣，成為遊客前來福州的必到之處。可以説，它是“全國少見，江南僅有”。而老家在福州的海外遊子，三坊七巷是他們魂牽夢繞、難以忘懷的故園鄉土。
福州這座具有2200多年曆史的古老城市中心，坐落着這片遐邇聞名的三坊七巷歷史文化街區。它佔地約40公頃，由三個坊、七條巷和一條中軸街肆組成，分別是衣錦坊、文儒坊、光祿坊；楊橋巷、郎官巷、塔巷、黃巷、安民巷、宮巷、吉庇巷和南后街，因此自古就被稱為“三坊七巷”。
三坊七巷起於晉，完善於唐五代，至明清鼎盛，古老的坊巷格局至今基本保留完整，是中國都市僅存的一塊“裏坊制度活化石”坊巷內保存有200餘座古建築，其中全國重點文物保護單位有九處，省、市級文保單位和歷史保護建築數量眾多，是一座不可多得的“明清建築博物館”。
三坊七巷因地靈而人傑，這裏一直是“閩都名人的聚居地”林則徐、沈葆楨、嚴復、陳寶琛、林覺民、林旭、冰心、林紓等大量對當時社會乃至中國近現代進程有着重要影響的人物皆出自於此，使得這塊熱土充滿了特殊的人文價值和不散的靈性及才情，成為福州的驕傲。
大家好，我是你們的導遊，我叫鄭嶸，你們可以叫我小鄭。今天我將帶領大家遊覽世界有名的五A級景區——三坊七巷。
這是大名鼎鼎的三坊七巷，它被人們譽為明清古建築博物館。三坊七巷佔地約38.35平方公頃。其三坊是衣錦坊、文儒坊、光祿坊。七巷分別是楊橋巷、朗官巷、塔巷、黃巷、安民巷、宮巷、吉庇巷。
大家跟我來，這是衣錦坊。到了衣錦坊，我就要給大家説一個故事。相傳，古代有一位書生，才高八斗，可次次應試都名落孫山，街坊鄰居都看不起他。後來，他終於考中了進士，做了官。晚年衣錦還鄉，其地就叫衣錦坊。
大家再看看這朗官巷，朗官巷是宋代有名的坊埠，因宋代劉濤居住在此，子孫數代皆為朗官。故名叫朗官巷。
你們瞧，這是宮巷裏的沈葆楨故居。他於道光20年中舉人，過了七年中了進士。他是林則徐的次婿，是清代第一任船政大臣。
現在，我們要求品嚐一下福州的特色小吃——魚丸。魚丸是我們福州的美食亮點。那白白的魚丸皮，像棉花一樣軟軟的，咬一小口，肉的香味撲鼻而來，味道香濃，就是你一點兒也不想吃，也會被那香氣迷住。
時間過得真快，到了自由活動的時間了，我們可以自由玩耍，記住1小時後在這裏集合，請您注意以下幾點：
1、請不要亂扔垃圾
2、請不要亂刻亂畫
3、請不要折花
4、請不要爬樹
希望您能做到，謝謝！
Traditionally, we all talk about three lanes first and then seven lanes. Infact, from the perspective of building location, there should be seven lanesfirst and then three lanes. The ancestors of the Tang Dynasty first built agroup of neatly arranged "new villages" along the axis of the city south r that, a group of lanes will be built to form a "non" shaped block with theSouth back street as the central axis. After thousands of years of wind and rainchanges, most of the lanes were named in Song Dynasty, and today's architecturalpattern was formed in Ming and Qing Dynasties, which became the landmark ofFuzhou's historical and cultural city.
From the treatment of architectural space, the main hall of three lanes andseven alleys on the central axis is obviously higher, larger and wider than thatin the north, forming a lively and changeable spatial pattern with othercorridors and pavilions. The hall is generally open and integrated with thepatio. In particular, in order to make the hall appear tall, spacious and open,efforts are generally made to deal with the porch and porch. The purlinsupporting the eaves, or a purlin supporting the eaves, is specially made ofthick and long high-quality hardwood, and the method of reducing columns is usedto make the front of the hall free of any obstacles, which is rarely seen innorthern architecture and other southern architecture. For example, the sedanHall of Lin Congyi's former residence in Gongxiang and the stage of theancestral temple are treated in this way. This is one of the important featuresof Fuzhou ancient architecture.
The three lanes and seven alleys are not only unique in layout andstructure, but also unique in wall, carving and facade.
各位團友，今天我講解的內容是福州明清時期古建築瑰寶——三坊七巷。
三坊七巷地處市中心，東臨八一七北路，西靠通湖路，北接楊橋路，南達吉庇巷、光祿坊，佔地約40公頃，現居民3678户，人口14000餘人。三坊七巷是南后街兩旁從北到南依次排列的十條坊巷的簡稱。三坊是：衣錦坊、文儒坊、光祿坊;七巷是楊橋巷、郎官巷、塔巷、黃巷、安民巷、宮巷、吉庇巷。由於吉庇巷、楊橋巷和光祿坊改建為馬路，現在保存的實際只有二坊五巷。即使如此，在這個歷史悠久的居民區內，仍然保留着豐富的文物古蹟，保存一批名人故居和明清時代的建築。在這居民區內，坊巷縱橫，石板鋪地;白牆青瓦，結構嚴謹;房屋精緻，匠藝奇巧，集中體現了閩越古城的民居特色，是閩江文化的薈萃之所，被建築界喻為一座規模龐大的明清古建築博物館。
“三坊七巷”是國家歷史文化名城——福州的主要標誌，被譽為明清古建築博物館。近代詩人陳衍詩云：“誰知五柳孤鬆客，卻住三坊七巷間。”這大約就是“三坊七巷”的由來。
三坊七巷的民風民俗也是福州民風民俗的代表，許多節俗活動常以三坊七巷為中心，它包括民間信仰、歲時節慶活動、建築物中的民俗等。
“月光光，照池塘;騎竹馬，過洪塘;洪塘水深難得渡，等妹撐船來接郎。問郎長，問郎短，問郎幾時返?”這是唐朝觀察使常袞作的一首民謠。它曾給居住在三坊七巷的幾代百姓帶來多少童年的回憶。直到現在，特別是老一輩人聽到這首琅琅上口的民謠仍激動不已。
三坊七巷，以它近300座的明清民居古建築物聞名於世。古老的街巷，完整的坊裏，配以古河道、古橋樑、古榕樹，形成了古樸而富有特色的傳統風貌，引起了國內外許多文物考古專家的廣泛興趣，成為遊客前來福州的必到之處。可以説，它是“全國少見，江南僅有”。而老家在福州的海外遊子，三坊七巷是他們魂牽夢繞、難以忘懷的故園鄉土。
Hello everyone, I'm your guide. My name is Zheng Rong. You can call me XiaoZheng. Today, I will show you the world famous five A-class scenic spot - threelanes and seven alleys.
This is the famous three lanes and seven alleys. It is known as the Museumof ancient architecture of Ming and Qing Dynasties. Three lanes and Seven Lanescover an area of 38.35 square hectares. The third is Yijin, Wenru and seven lanes are Yangqiao lane, Langguan lane, Ta lane, Huang Lane, Anminlane, Gong lane and Jibi lane.
Come with me, this is yijinfang. When I get to yijinfang, I will tell you astory. According to legend, there was a scholar in ancient times who was verytalented, but he failed in every exam, and his neighbors looked down upon r, he finally won the entrance examination and became an official. When hereturned home in his later years, his place was called yijinfang.
Let's take a look at Langguan lane. Langguan lane is a famous port in SongDynasty, because Liu Tao lived here in Song Dynasty, and his descendants havebeen Langguan for generations. So it's called Langguan lane.
You see, this is Shen Baozhen's former residence in the Palace Lane. He waselected in the 20th year of Daoguang, and was promoted in the 7th year. He wasLin Zexu's second son-in-law and the first shipping minister in the QingDynasty.
Now, we want to taste the special snack of Fuzhou fish ball. Fish balls arethe highlight of our food in Fuzhou. The white skin of the fish ball is as softas cotton. If you take a small bite, the smell of the meat comes to your if you don't want to eat at all, you will be fascinated by the smell.
Time flies. It's time for free activities. We can play freely. Remember togather here in an hour. Please pay attention to the following points:
1. Please don't litter
2. Please don't Scribble
3. Please don't fold the flowers
4. Please don't climb the tree
Hope you can do it, thank you!
Fuzhou has preserved quite a number of lanes that have been formed sincethe Tang and Song Dynasties, and has become one of the important symbols of afamous historical and cultural city.
The "Three Lanes" of "three lanes and Seven Alleys" refer to Yijin lane,Wenru lane and Guanglu lane. The three lanes are located on the west side ofnanhou street, which is connected with the "Seven Lanes" on the east side
Yijinfang, formerly known as tongchaoxiang. Lu Yun and Lu Zao lived here inthe Xuanhe period of Song Dynasty (1119-1125). Their talent was given away andthey were famous for a time. Lu Yun was the magistrate of Fuzhou and Lu Zao wasthe magistrate of Quanzhou. When they returned to their hometown, they orderedthis square to be "Dijin square". During the reign of Chunxi in the SouthernSong Dynasty, Wang Yang was appointed to Jiangdong for punishment. Afterretirement, he also lived here and renamed Dijin Yijin to show his intention ofreturning home.
Wenrufang, formerly known as shanyinxiang, was originally known asrulinfang, where Zheng mu, a song dynasty wine worshiper, lived. In addition toZheng mu, there are also some famous scholars, such as Gan Guobao, commander inchief of Baodao, Zhang Jing, a famous Anti Japanese general and seven provincialeconomic strategist, Chen Chengqiu, father of Chen Baochen, teacher of EmperorGuangxu of Qing Dynasty, and Chen Yan, editor in chief of Fujian Tongzhi.
Guanglu square, Cheng SHIMENG, who was the magistrate of Fuzhou in thefirst year of Xining (1068) of the Northern Song Dynasty, often visited theBuddhist temple in the square. When he saw a big rock beside the pool, heclimbed the stone to recite poems, so it was called "Guanglu Yintai", and thesquare was also renamed Guanglu square. The stone carvings of "Guanglu Yintai"inscribed by Cheng SHIMENG still exist today.
The Seven Lanes in the "three lanes and Seven Lanes" are all located in theeast of nanhou street. From north to south, they are Yangqiao lane, Langguanlane, Ta lane, Huang Lane, Anmin lane, Gong lane and Jibi lane.
三優範文網