president obama:good is a great honor for me to be here in shanghai, and to have this opportunity to speak with all of you.i'd like to thank fudan university's president yang for his hospitality and his gracious welcome.i'd also like to thank our outstanding ambassador, jon huntsman, who exemplifies the deep ties and respect between our nations.i don't know what he said, but i hope it was good.(laughter.)
奧巴馬總統：你們好。能夠有機會在上海跟你們大家交談，我深感榮幸。我要感謝復旦大學的楊校長，感謝他的款待和熱情的歡迎。我還要感謝我們出色的大使洪博培，他代表了我們兩國之間的深遠聯絡和相互尊重。我不知道他剛才說什麼，但是希望他說得不錯。(笑聲) what i'd like to do is to make some opening comments, and then what i'm really looking forward to doing is taking questions, not only from students who are in the audience, but also we've received questions online, which will be asked by some of the students who are here in the audience, as well as by ambassador i am very sorry that my chinese is not as good as your english, but i am looking forward to this chance to have a dialogue.
我今天準備先做一個開場白，但我真正希望做的是回答問題，不但回答在座的學生提出的問題，同時也回答從網上提出的一些問題，這些問題由在座的一些學生和洪博培大使代為提出。很抱歉，我的中文不如你們的英文，但我期待著這個和你們對話的機會。
this is my first time traveling to china, and i'm excited to see this majestic , in shanghai, we see the growth that has caught the attention of the world -- the soaring skyscrapers, the bustling streets and entrepreneurial just as i'm impressed by these signs of china's journey to the 21st century, i'm eager to see those ancient places that speak to us from china's distant rrow and the next day i hope to have a chance when i'm in beijing to see the majesty of the forbidden city and the wonder of the great y, this is a nation that encompasses both a rich history and a belief in the promise of the future.
這是我首次訪問中國，看到你們壯麗的國家，我感到很興奮。在上海，我們看到了全球矚目的發展——高聳的大廈、繁忙的街道、創業的動態。這些都是中國步入 21世紀的跡象，讓
我感到讚歎。同時，我也期盼看到向我們展現中國悠久歷史的古蹟。明天和後天我會在北京，希望有機會看到壯觀的故宮和奇蹟般的長城。的確，這是一個既有豐富的歷史，又對未來的希望充滿信心的國家。
the same can be said of the relationship between our two ghai, of course, is a city that has great meaning in the history of the relationship between the united states and was here, 37 years ago, that the shanghai communique opened the door to a new chapter of engagement between our governments and among our ver, america's ties to this city -- and to this country -- stretch back further, to the earliest days of america's independence. 我們兩國的關係也是如此。毫無疑問，上海在美中關係史上是一個具有重大意義的城市。正是在這裡，37年前釋出的《上海公報》(shanghai communique)開啟了我們兩國政府和兩國人民接觸交往的新篇章。然而，美國與這個城市以及這個國家的紐帶可以追溯到更久遠的過去，直至美國獨立初期。
in 1784, our founding father, george washington, commissioned the empress of china, a ship that set sail for these shores so that it could pursue trade with the qing dynasty. washington wanted to see the ship carry the flag around the globe, and to forge new ties with nations like is a common american
impulse -- the desire to reach for new horizons, and to forge new partnerships that are mutually beneficial.
1784年，我們的建國之父喬治·華盛頓主持了“中國女皇號”(empress of china)的下水儀式。這條船前往中國海岸，尋求與清朝通商。華盛頓希望看到這條懸掛美國國旗的船前往世界各地，與像中國這樣的國家締結新的紐帶。這是通常的美國人的願望——希望達到新的地平線，建立新的、互利的夥伴關係。
over the two centuries that have followed, the currents of history have steered the relationship between our countries in many even in the midst of tumultuous winds, our
people had opportunities to forge deep and even dramatic ties. for instance, americans will never forget the hospitality shown
to our pilots who were shot down over your soil during world war ii, and cared for by chinese
civilians who risked all that they had by doing chinese veterans of that war still warmly greet those american veterans who return to the sites where they fought to help liberate china from occupation.
在此後的兩個世紀中，歷史洪流使我們兩國關係向許多不同的方向發展，但即使在動盪的歲月中，兩國人民也抓住機會發展了深入的、甚至極不平凡的關係。例如，美國人民永遠不會忘記，二戰期間，美國飛行員在中國上空被擊落後，中國公民冒著失去一切的危險護理他們。參加過二戰的中國老兵仍然熱情歡迎故地重遊的美國老兵，他們曾經在那裡作戰，幫助中國從佔領下獲得解放。
a different kind of connection was made nearly 40 years ago when the frost between our countries began to thaw through the simple game of table tennis. the very unlikely nature of this engagement contributed to its success -- because for all our differences, both our common
humanity and our shared curiosity were one american player described his visit to china -- "[the]people are just like us…the country is very similar to america, but still very different."
近40年前，簡單的乒乓球比賽帶來了兩國關係的解凍，使我們兩國建立起另一種聯絡。這種接觸令人意外，但卻恰恰促成了其成功，因為儘管我們之間存在許多分歧，但是我們共同的人性和共同的好奇心得以從中顯現。正如一位美國乒乓球隊員在回憶對中國的訪問時所說：“那裡的人民和我們一樣……這個國家和美國有許多相似之處，也有很大區別。”
of course this small opening was followed by the achievement of the shanghai communique, and the eventual establishment of formal relations between the united states and china in in three decades, just look at how far we have come.
無須贅言，這個小小的契機帶來了《上海公報》的問世，並最終促使美中兩國在1979年建立正式外交關係。請看在此後的30年，我們取得了多麼長足的進展。
in 1979, trade between the united states and china stood at roughly $5 billion -- today it tops over $400 billion each year. the commerce affects our people's lives in so many ica imports from china many of the computer parts we use, the clothes we wear; and we export to china machinery that helps power your trade could create even more jobs on both
sides of the pacific, while allowing our people to enjoy a better quality of as demand becomes more balanced, it can lead to even broader prosperity.
1979年，美中貿易額約為50億美元，今天，年度貿易額已經超過4000億美元。貿易在許多方面影響著兩國人民的生活，美國電腦中的許多元件以及我們身穿的服裝都是從中國進口的，我們向中國出口你們的工業需要的機器。這種貿易可以在太平洋兩岸創造更多的就業機會，讓我們的人民過上質量更高的生活。隨著需求趨於平衡，繁榮的範圍將進一步擴大。 in 1979, the political cooperation between the united states and china was rooted largely in our shared rivalry with the soviet y, we have a positive, constructive and comprehensive relationship that opens the door to partnership on the key global issues of our time -- economic recovery and the development of clean energy; stopping the spread of nuclear weapons and the scourge of climate change
the promotion of peace and security in asia and around the of these issues will be on the agenda tomorrow when i meet with president hu.
1979年，美中之間的合作主要立足於雙方共同面對的競爭對手蘇聯。如今我們享有積極的、建設性的、全面的關係，為我們在當今時代的關鍵性全球問題上建立夥伴關係打開了大門，這些問題包括：經濟復甦和清潔能源開發、制止核武器擴散和氣候變化的影響、在亞洲及全球各地促進和平與安全。所有這些問題都是我明天與胡主席會談的內容。
and in 1979, the connections among our people were limited. today, we see the curiosity of those ping-pong players manifested in the ties that are being forged across many second highest number of foreign students in the united states come from china, and we've seen a 50 percent increase in the study of chinese among our own e are nearly 200
"friendship cities" drawing our communities ican and chinese scientists cooperate on new research and of course, yao ming is just one signal of our shared love of basketball -- i'm only sorry that i won't be able to see a shanghai sharks game while i'm visiting. 1979年，我們兩國人民的聯絡十分有限。今天，我們看到當年乒乓球隊員的好奇心已經化為許多領域的紐帶，中國留學生在美國的人數名列第二，而在美國學生中，學中文的人數增
加了50%。我們兩國有近200個友好城市，把我們的社群連線在一起。美中科學家合作進行新的研究與發現。而姚明是我們兩國人民都熱愛籃球的僅僅一個標誌而已——令我遺憾的是，此行中我不能觀看上海大鯊魚隊的比賽。
it is no coincidence that the relationship between our countries has accompanied a period of positive a has lifted hundreds of millions of people out of poverty -- an
accomplishment unparalleled in human history -- while playing a larger role in global
the united states has seen our economy grow along with the standard of living enjoyed by our people, while bringing the cold war to a successful conclusion.
我們兩國之間的關係相伴著一個積極變化的時期，這不是偶然的。中國實現了億萬人民脫貧，這一成就史無前例，同時，中國在全球問題中也在發揮更大的作用。美國在促使冷戰順利結束的同時，經濟也取得了增長，人民的生活水平提高。
there is a chinese proverb:"consider the past, and you shall know the future." surely, we have known setbacks and challenges over the last 30 relationship has not been without disagreement and the notion that we must be adversaries is not predestined -- not when we consider the past. indeed, because of our cooperation, both the united states and china are more
prosperous and more have seen what is possible when we build upon
our mutual interests, and engage on the basis of mutual respect.
中國有句名言：“溫故而知新。”當然，過去30年中我們也曾遇到挫折和挑戰，我們的關係不是沒有分歧和困難。但是，“我們必然是對手”的概念並非是註定不變的——回顧過去不會是這樣。由於我們的合作，美中兩國都更加繁榮、更加安全。我們已經看到我們本著共同的利益和相互的尊重去努力所能取得的成果。
and yet the success of that engagement depends upon understanding -- on sustaining an open dialogue, and learning about one another and from one just as that american table tennis player pointed out -- we share much in common as human beings, but our countries are different in certain ways.
可是，這種接觸的成功取決於理解，取決於繼續進行開誠佈公的對話，相互瞭解，相互學習。正如前面提到的那位美國乒乓球隊員所說——作為人，我們有著許多共同之處，但是我們兩國在某些方面存在著差別。
i believe that each country must chart its own a is an ancient nation, with a deeply rooted united states, by comparison, is a young nation, whose culture is determined by the many different immigrants who have come to our shores, and by the founding documents that guide our democracy.
those documents put forward a simple vision of human affairs, and they enshrine several core principles -- that all men and women are created equal, and possess certain fundamental rights; that government should reflect the will of the people and respond to their wishes; that commerce should be open, information
freely accessible; and that laws, and not simply men, should guarantee the administration of justice.
我認為每個國家都必須規劃自己的前進方向。中國是一個文明古國，文化深遠。而美國相對而言是一個年輕的國家，它的文化由來自許多不同國家的移民以及指導我國民主制度的建國綱領所形成。這些綱領中提出了對人類事務的簡單明瞭的矚望，幷包含了一些核心原則——不論男女人人生而平等，都享有某些基本權利;政府應當反映民意，並對人民的願望作出迴應;商貿應該是開放的，資訊應該自由流通;司法保障應該來自法治而不是人治。
of course, the story of our nation is not without its difficult many ways -- over many years -- we have struggled to advance the promise of these principles to all of our people, and to forge a more perfect fought a very painful civil war, and freed a portion of our
population from took time for women to be extended the right to vote, workers to win the right to organize, and for immigrants from different corners of the globe to be fully
after they were freed, african americans persevered through conditions that were separate and not equal, before winning full and equal rights.
當然，我國的歷史也並非沒有困難的篇章。在很多方面，在很長的時間裡，我們要通過鬥爭去實現這些原則對全體人民的承諾，締造一個更趨完善的聯邦。我們曾打過一場很痛苦的南
北戰爭，將我國的一部分人口從奴役下解放出來。婦女獲得投票權、勞工贏得組織權、來自世界各地的移民得到完全的接納——這些都是經過了一段時間才實現的。非洲裔美國人即使在獲得自由後依然生活在被隔離和不平等的條件下，他們經過不懈努力才最終贏得全面、平等的權利。
none of this was we made progress because of our belief in those core principles,
which have served as our compass through the darkest of storms. that is why lincoln could stand up in the midst of civil war and declare it a struggle to see whether any nation, conceived in liberty, and "dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal" could long endure. that is why dr. martin luther king could stand on the steps of the lincoln memorial and ask that our nation live out the true meaning of its 's why immigrants from china to kenya could find a home on our shores; why opportunity is available to
all who would work for it; and why someone like me, who less than 50 years ago would have had trouble voting in some parts of america, is now able to serve as its president.
所有這些都不曾輕而易舉。但是，由於我們對這些核心原則的堅定信念，我們取得了進步，這些原則指引我們衝過了最黑暗的風暴。這就是為什麼林肯能在南北戰爭中挺身而出並宣佈，這是一場考驗一個孕育於自由之中、“忠實於人人生而平等這一原則”的國家能否永存的鬥爭。這也就是為什麼馬丁·路德·金博士能夠站立在林肯紀念堂的臺階上，要求我們的國家實踐自身信仰的真正含義。這也就是為什麼來自從中國到肯亞的各國移民能夠在我國的土地上安家;為什麼所有努力尋求機會的人都能獲得機會;為什麼像我這種在不到50年前在美國的某些地方連投票都遇到困難的人，現在能夠出任這個國家的總統。
and that is why america will always speak out for these core principles around the do not seek to impose any system of government on any other nation, but we also don't believe that the principles that we stand for are unique to our e freedoms of
expression_r_r_r_r and worship -- of access to information and political participation -- we
believe are universal should be available to all people, including ethnic and religious minorities -- whether they are in the united states, china, or any ed, it is that respect for universal rights that guides america's openness to other countries; our respect for different cultures; our commitment to international law; and our faith in the future.
這就是為什麼美國一直在全世界為這些核心原則而大聲疾呼。我們不尋求把任何政治體制強加給任何別的國家，但是我們也不認為我們主張的這些原則是我們國家所獨有的。表達自由和宗教信仰自由——獲得資訊和政治參與的自由——我們認為這些自由都是普世的權利，所有人都應當享有，包括少數民族和宗教少數派，不管是在美國、中國還是在任何其他國家。正是對普世權利的尊重指導著美國向其他國家開放，尊重各種不同的文化，致力於遵守國際法，並對未來抱有信念。
these are all things that you should know about america.i also know that we have much to learn about ing around at this magnificent city -- and looking around this room -- i do believe that our nations hold something important in common, and that is a belief in the her the united states nor china is content to rest on our while china is an ancient nation, you are also clearly looking ahead with confidence, ambition, and a commitment to see that tomorrow's generation can do better than today's.
這些都是你們應當瞭解的美國的情況。我也知道中國有很多有待我們瞭解的情況。環顧一下這座偉大的城市——環顧一下這個大廳——我確信我們兩個國家有一個很重要的共同點，那就是我們對未來的信念。美國和中國都不想滿足於已取得的成就，止步不前。雖然中國是一個古老的國家，但你們顯然也對未來滿懷信心、雄心和使年輕一代能比這一代人更有作為的決心。
in addition to your growing economy, we admire china's extraordinary commitment to science and research -- a commitment borne out in everything from the infrastructure you build to the technology you a is now the world's largest internet user -- which is why we were so pleased to include the internet as a part of today's country now has the world's largest mobile phone network, and it is investing in the new forms of energy that can both sustain growth and combat climate change -- and i'm looking forward to deepening the partnership between the united states and china in this critical area above all, i see china's future in you -- young people whose talent and dedication and dreams will do so much to help shape the 21st century.
我們不但欽佩中國日益增長的經濟，還讚賞你們在科學研究方面極不平凡的努力——從你們建設的基礎設施到你們使用的技術，均體現出這種努力。中國現在是世界上最大的網際網路使用國——這也是我們今天很高興能把網際網路作為此次活動的一部分的原因。這個國家目前擁有世界上最大的行動電話網路，它正在投資發展既能維持可持續增長，又能應對氣候變化的新型能源——我期待著明天在這個至關重要的領域中深化兩國的合作關係。然而，最重要的是，我在你們身上看到了中國的未來 ——年輕一代的聰明才智、獻身精神和夢想將為塑造21世紀發揮巨大作用。
i've said many times that i believe that our world is now fundamentally jobs we do, the prosperity we build, the environment we protect, the security that we seek -- all of these things are given that interconnection, power in the 21st century is no longer a
zero-sum game; one country's success need not come at the expense of that is why the united states insists we do not seek to contain china's the contrary, we welcome china as a strong and prosperous and successful member of the community of nations -- a china that draws on the rights, strengths, and creativity of individual chinese like you.
我已說過多次，我相信我們現在的世界是緊密相連的。我們所做的工作，我們所建設的繁榮，我們所保護的環境，以及我們所尋求的安全——所有這一切都是共有的。鑑於這種相互聯絡，在21世紀，權力不應再成為一場零和遊戲;一國的成功發展不應以他國為代價。這也就是為什麼美國堅決表示我們不謀求遏制中國的崛起。恰恰相反，我們歡迎中國成為國際社會中一個強大、繁榮、成功的成員——一個從你們這樣的每個中國人的權利、實力和創造力中獲得力量的中國。
to return to the proverb -- consider the know that more is to be gained when great powers cooperate than when they is a lesson that human beings have learned time and again, and that is the example of the history between our i believe strongly that cooperation must go beyond our must be rooted in our people -- in the studies we share, the business that we do, the knowledge that we gain, and even in the sports that we these bridges must be built by young men and women just like you and your counterparts in america.
回到前面提到的那句古語——回顧過去。我們知道，大國之間選擇合作而非對抗會帶來更大的惠益。這是人類不斷汲取的一個教訓，我們兩國的關係史中也不乏其例。我深信，合作必須不止於政府間的合作。合作必須植根於我們的人民——植根於我們共同進行的研究，我們的商貿活動，我們所學到的知識，乃至我們的體育運動。這些橋樑必須由你們這樣的年輕人和美國的年輕人共同構築。
that's why i'm pleased to announce that the united states will dramatically expand the number of our students who study in china to 100, these exchanges mark a clear commitment to build ties among our people, as surely as you will help determine the destiny of the 21st
i'm absolutelyconfident that america has no better ambassadors to offer than our young people. for they, just like you, are filled with talent and energy and optimism about the history that is yet to be written.
因此，我高興地宣佈，美國準備將在中國留學的美國學生人數大幅度增加到10萬人。這種交流是對在我們兩國人民之間建立聯絡的明確承諾，毫無疑問，你們將幫助決定21世紀的命運。我完全相信，對美·來說，再好的使者莫過於我們的年輕人。因為他們和你們一樣，才華橫溢，充滿活力，對有待書寫的歷史篇章充滿樂觀。
so let this be the next step in the steady pursuit of cooperation that will serve our nations, and the if there's one thing that we can take from today's dialogue, i hope that it is a commitment to continue this dialogue going forward.
那麼，就讓這個舉措成為我們穩步尋求合作的下一個步驟，這種合作有利於我們兩國乃至整個世界。如果能從今天的對話中得到一點啟示的話，我希望那就是致力於今後繼續進行這種對話。
so thank you very i look forward now to taking some questions from all of k you very much.(applause.)
非常感謝諸位。現在我希望回答你們大家提出的一些問題。非常感謝。(掌聲。)
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